Catalogue description Records of the Board of Trade and of successor and related bodies

Details of BT
Reference: BT
Title: Records of the Board of Trade and of successor and related bodies
Description:

Records of the Board of Trade and of successor and related bodies concerning government responsibilities for trade and industry. Comprising:

Records relating to the central functions of the board:

  • Central administration
  • Bankruptcy Department and Receivers Branch
  • Civil Aviation Departments
  • Commercial, Companies, Labour, Railways and Statistics Departments
  • Companies Registration Office
  • Distribution of Industry Divisions
  • Economics, Gas, Industrial, Power, Raw Material and Transport Departments
  • Fisheries, Harbour and Marine Departments
  • General, Exports and Information Departments
  • Standards Department
  • Tariff Divisions

Records of the internal functions of the board:

  • Establishment Department
  • Finance Department
  • Solicitor's Department
  • Regional organisations
  • Sub-departments

Records of departments set up to perform specific functions and allied organisations:

  • Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen
  • Patent Office
  • First World War departments and Ministry of Munitions (1915-1921)
  • Department of Overseas Trade
  • Allied organisations
  • Ministry of Production
  • Second World War departments and Ministry of War Transport (1941-1946)
  • Ministry of Materials
  • Office of the Queen's Award to Industry
  • Technology Reports Centre

And also:

  • Private and private office papers
  • Advisory committees, boards, commissions, committees, councils, departmental committees, royal commissions and tribunals

BT 89, BT 93, BT 117, BT 118, BT 121, BT 214, BT 266 and BT 381 are numbers not used.

Date: 1697-2002
Related material:

For later records see:

Records created or inherited by the Department of Trade and Industry and successor in FV

Records created or inherited by the (second) Department of Trade and Industry in NK

Separated material:

For records of the first Board of Trade see:

CO 5

CO 323

CO 326

For records of the Board of Trade's Science and Art Department see ED 28

For records of the Board of Trade's Petroleum Department see POWE 33

Held by: The National Archives, Kew
Legal status: Public Record(s)
Language: English
Creator:

Board of Trade, 1786-1970

Department of Industry, 1974-1983

Department of Trade, 1974-1983

Department of Trade and Industry, 1970-1974

Department of Trade and Industry, 1983-2007

Physical description: 402 series
Access conditions: Subject to 30 year closure unless otherwise stated
Administrative / biographical background:

Early History

In 1696 William III appointed a new committee of the Privy Council by the name of 'the Lords Commissioners for promoting the Trade of our Kingdom, and for inspecting and improving our Plantations in America and elsewhere'. Originally the main concern of these 'lords of trade' was the American Colonies, but from 1749, African trade began to occupy more of their time. In 1768 a new secretaryship of state for the Colonies was created, held jointly with the presidency of the Board of Trade. This led to a diminution of the board's status and it became an adjunct to the new Secretary's Department. After the loss of the American colonies, the board and the new secretaryship were ended by an Act of 1782.

The New Board

The need to regulate trade between Great Britain, the remaining British colonies and the independent United States of America, and between Britain and France after the Peace of Versailles in 1783 led William Pitt to establish a new Committee of Council on Trade and Plantations (later known as 'the First Committee') by an order in Council of 5 March 1784. To strengthen this committee he reconstructed it by a second order, of 23 August 1786, under which it operated for the rest of its existence.

The committee has been known as the Board of Trade since 1786, but this title was only adopted officially by an Act of 1861. Its first functions were consultative, like those of William III's board, and its concern with plantations, in matters such as the approval of colonial laws, was originally a reality. As the industrial revolution progressed, however, the board's work became increasingly executive and domestic and from the 1840's a succession of acts of parliament gave it regulatory duties, notably concerning railways, merchant shipping, and joint stock companies.

To deal with these new functions specialised branches were developed, while the remaining business was transacted until 1863 by a Commercial (also called General) Department. Besides its wider consultative business, this department dealt with art unions, charters, colonial and commercial questions, copyright, corn returns, quarantine, licences to limited companies to hold land, merchant shipping and seamen, navigation laws, schools of design and tariffs. From an early stage, the board's business was transacted at nominal meetings attended only by the President and the Vice President and their secretaries, which occurred twice a week. After 1845 even these nominal meetings ceased.

Later History

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the board acquired many new responsibilities (several of which were later transferred to other government departments) and underwent periodic reorganisations, notably in 1919 after the end of the First World War. Responsibility for fisheries was transferred to the Board of Agriculture in 1903, labour functions to the Ministry of Labour in 1917, railways to the Ministry of Transport in 1919, merchant shipping to the Ministry of Shipping in 1939 and fuel and power to the Ministry of Fuel and Power in 1942.

The board's duties nevertheless remained numerous, especially during the First and Second World Wars and by the 1960's included a general responsibility for commerce, industry and overseas trade and in particular commercial relations with other countries; imports and exports; tariffs; industrial development; consumer protection; tourism; and statistics of trade and industry at home and abroad, including censuses of production and distribution.

The board was responsible for government relations with all industries not specifically the concern of other departments. It also had supervisory or regulatory duties concerning patents, designs and trademarks and copyright; weights and measures; merchandise marks; companies; bankruptcy; insurance; the distribution of industry; films; and enemy property.

The board's functions altered even more frequently during the administrative reorganisations of the 1960s. It regained its merchant shipping responsibilities from the Ministry of Transport in 1965 and acquired civil aviation duties from the Ministry of Aviation in 1966. It lost its responsibility for the distribution of industry and the sponsorship of individual industries to the Ministry of Technology in 1969 and for certain productivity services and for control over monopolies, mergers, and restrictive practices to the Department of Employment and Productivity in the same year. Finally, in October 1970 the board was merged with the Ministry of Technology to form the Department of Trade and Industry.

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