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Catalogue description THE SUFFOLK REGIMENT, 1685-1959
This record is held by Suffolk Archives - Bury St Edmunds Branch
| Reference: | GB 554 |
|---|---|
| Title: | THE SUFFOLK REGIMENT, 1685-1959 |
| Description: |
GENERAL REGIMENTAL RECORDS A1 Printed and typescript histories A2 Records relating to the history and traditions of the regiment A3 The Battle of Minden A4 The Great Siege of Gibraltar A5 250th anniversary celebrations, 1935 A6 The Colours A7 Standing Orders A8 Honours and decorations A9 Rolls of Honour A10 Regimental war memorials A11 Army Lists A12 Officers' mess A13 Maps and plans A14 The Boer War A15 Photographs A16 Miscellaneous B FIRST BATTALION B1 Printed and typescript histories B2 Digests of services, war diaries and other contemporary narratives B3 Battalion orders B4 Nominal rolls B5 Honours and decorations B6 Rolls of honour B7 The Colours B8 Officers' mess B9 Sergeants' mess B10 Sports B11 Maps and plans B12 Photographs B13 Miscellaneous C SECOND BATTALION C1 Digests of services, war diaries and other contemporary narratives C2 Battalion orders C3 Nominal rolls C4 The Colours C5 Officers' mess C6 Sergeants' mess C7 Maps and plans C8 Charities C9 Photographs C10 Miscellaneous D DEPOT D1 Administration D2 Officers' mess D3 Photographs D4 Miscellaneous E MILITIA/THIRD BATTALION E1 Printed histories E2 Digests of services and other contemporary narratives E3 Administration E4 Orders E5 The Colours E6 Officers' mess E7 Charity E8 Photographs E9 Miscellaneous F VOLUNTEERS TO 1908 F1 Printed histories F2 Administration F3 Photographs F4 Miscellaneous G FOURTH BATTALION (TERRITORIAL ARMY) G1 Printed histories G2 Digests of services and other contemporary narratives G3 Battalion orders G4 Nominal rolls G5 The Colours G6 Photographs G7 Miscellaneous H FIFTH BATTALION (TERRITORIAL ARMY) H1 Printed histories H2 Nominal rolls H3 Maps and plans H4 Photographs H5 Miscellaneous I SIXTH BATTALION I1 Miscellaneous I2 Photographs J SEVENTH BATTALION J1 Printed histories J2 Nominal rolls J3 Rolls of honour J4 Photographs J5 Miscellaneous K EIGHTH BATTALION K1 Printed histories K2 Digests of services K3 Nominal rolls K4 Photographs K5 Miscellaneous L NINTH BATTALION L1 Photographs L2 Miscellaneous M TENTH BATTALION M1 Photographs N ELEVENTH BATTALION N1 Photographs O TWELFTH BATTALION O1 Photographs P FOURTEENTH BATTALION P1 Photographs Q THE SUFFOLK YEOMANRY/FIFTEENTH BATTALION Q1 Printed histories Q2 Administration Q3 Orders Q4 Miscellaneous Q5 Photographs R SECOND LINE BATTALIONS, 1939-1945 R1 Photographs S SUFFOLK VOLUNTEER REGIMENT S1 Photographs S2 Miscellaneous T HOME GUARD T1 Orders T2 Nominal rolls T3 Honours and decorations T4 Miscellaneous T5 Photographs U SUFFOLK REGIMENT ASSOCIATION U1 Administration U2 Finance U3 Regimental Dinner Club of Past and Present Officers U4 Suffolk Regiment War Memorial Homes U5 Suffolk Regimental Chapel U6 Miscellaneous V OLD COMRADES ASSOCIATION V1 Registers of members V2 Annual reunions V3 Administration V4 Miscellaneous V5 4th and 5th Suffolks Old Comrades Fund W SUFFOLK REGIMENTAL GAZETTE X REGIMENTAL MUSEUM X1 Photographs X2 Visitors' books X3 Miscellaneous Y INDIVIDUAL SOLDIERS Y1 Suffolk Regiment Y2 Other units Y3 Unidentified soldiers Z MISCELLANEOUS Z1 Printed books Z2 Newspapers and journals Z3 War graves and war memorials Z4 1st East Anglian Regiment Z5 Royal Anglian Regiment Z6 Other regiments/units Z7 Maps and plans Z8 Photographs Z9 Miscellaneous |
| Date: | 1697-2000 |
| Held by: | Suffolk Archives - Bury St Edmunds Branch, not available at The National Archives |
| Language: | English |
| Creator: |
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| Immediate source of acquisition: |
acc. nos. 9843, 9851, 9912, 9919, 9930, 9936, 9946, 9947, 9954, 9982, 11016, 11024, 11026, 11028, 11032, 11064, 11066, 11084, 11089, 11098, 11129, 11138, 11139, 11144, 11149, 11185, 11186, 11189, 11190, 11206, 11244, 11283, 11332 |
| Publication note: |
Two early histories are listed in the catalogue (A1/1 and 2), to which can be added Centurions of a Century, C.H. Gardiner (1910). Shorter histories and books or pamphlets on aspects of the regiment's history will be found throughout the catalogue. The standard, official, history of the regiment was published in four volumes: A brief single-volume history is: Two recent books which give a soldier's-eye view of life in the ranks between the World Wars are: |
| Subjects: |
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| Administrative / biographical background: |
(Based on the programme for the 300th Anniversary celebrations) The origins of the Suffolk Regiment can be traced to 1685 when Henry, 7th Duke of Norfolk, raised a regiment in Norfolk and Suffolk as part of the forces of James II to meet the threat of the Monmouth Rebellion. The regiment was known in its early years by the names of the various colonels who commanded it. After a few weeks in East Anglia, the regiment was moved to Windsor Castle and thence to Ireland where it was engaged in many actions including the Battle of the Boyne. In the next forty-five years it saw service in Flanders, the West Indies and the Balearic Islands, returning to Suffolk in 1730. In 1742 the regiment left for Europe to take part in the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748). It was present at the Battle of Dettingen on 27 June 1743 against the French, the last battle in which an English monarch led his troops in the field. The A djutant at that time was James Wolfe, later to gain fame as General Wolfe of Canada. In 1751 Infantry Regiments were numbered and no longer took the name of their commanding officer. The regiment became the XIIth Foot, thus indicating its seniority as one of the oldest regiments in the army. During the Seven Years War (1756-1763), at the Battle of Minden, on 1 August 1759, six British Regiments of Foot, including the XIIth, defeated ten thousand French cavalry. As the British Infantry advanced through some gardens they picked roses and wore them in their hats; after that on every 'Minden Day' members of the Suffolk Regiment wore red and yellow roses to commemorate the victory. 1769 saw the regiment sail for Gibraltar, where it spent the next fourteen years. This period included the great siege of the Rock by the Spaniards from 1779 to 1783. 1781 saw a further change in the title: in addition to XIIth Foot, it was also to be known as The East Suffolk Regiment. The years between 1783 and 1796 saw the regiment in widely scattered places: England, Ireland, the Channel Islands, Barbados, Martinique and Flanders. In 1796 the regiment paid the first of many visits to India, remaining there for the next ten years in operations against the French and local rulers. In 1810 it took part in the capture of the island of Mauritius, and remained there on garrison duty until 1818. After the Napoleonic Wars there followed a long period of comparative peace with the regiment serving in various parts of the world. In 1842 a Reserve Battalion was formed which took part in the 'Kaffir Wars' in South Africa (1851-1853) and it was a draft to reinforce this battalion which was on the troop ship Birkenhead when it was wrecked on 24 February 1852 with the loss of most of the troops. In 1854 the regiment sailed for Australia and remained there, and in Tasmania, until 1860 when it went to New Zealand to help put down the Maori Rebellion. It was during this period that alliances with the Launceston Regiment of Australia and the Auckland Regiment of New Zealand were formed. In 1858 the Reserve Battalion became the 2nd Battalion. The 2nd Battalion sailed for India in 1864 and from then until 1907 one or other battalion was usually serving there. The 1st Battalion had returned to England in 1867 and in 1878 the Depot was built at Gibraltar Barracks, Bury St Edmunds. In 1881 the regiment became The Suffolk Regiment. At the time of the Boer War (1899-1902) approximately 90% of the strength of the 1st Battalion, who took part in the conflict, were Suffolk men. The new century saw the further involvement of the citizens of Suffolk in the County Regiment with the formation of the Territorial Army in 1908. The 4th Battalion, The Suffolk Regiment (TA.) had its Headquarters in Ipswich and Drill Halls throughout East Suffolk, whilst the 5th Battalion The Suffolk Regiment (T.A.) was based on Bury St Edmunds and covered West Suffolk. The 1914-1918 War saw the raising of twenty-five battalions of the Suffolk Regiment. The Regular Army formed the British Expeditionary Force to France in 1914, which included the 2nd Battalion. The Regular Army was virtually destroyed following the Battles of Mons and The Marne and to replace it Kitchener's New Army was formed. These new units - the 7th, 8th, 9th, 11th and 12th Battalions - followed the Regulars into the war: six battalions of the regiment were engaged on the Somme in 1916 and five in the battles at Arras in 1917. During the war years, apart from France and Flanders, battalions of the regiment fought at Gallipoli, Salonika and in the Middle East. The Regimental Chapel situated in St Mary's Church, Bury St Edmunds, commemorates the 360 officers and 6,513 other ranks of the Suffolk Regiment who did not return. During the next twenty years between the Great War and the Second World War, the 1st and 2nd Battalions saw service in India, Shanghai, Gibraltar and Malta. The 4th Battalion (T.A.) was re-established and the 5th Battalion (T.A.) formed in 1939. During the 1939-1945 War the regiment raised eleven service battalions, five first line and six second line and holding battalions. The 1st Battalion went to France with the BEF in 1939, took part in the fighting in France and Belgium, the evacuation from Dunkirk and subsequently returned to France on D-Day fighting through to Germany until the end of the war. The 2nd Battalion were at Razmak on the north-west frontier of India when war broke out and took part in the Burma Campaign and the fighting in the Arakan and at Imphal in March 1944. At the end of the war the battalion was stationed at Lahore in India. The 4th and 5th Battalions (T.A.) were part of the 18th Division. The Division, comprising mostly Territorials from the eastern counties, left the U.K. for the Middle East in October 1941, were diverted to Singapore when Japan entered the war, and on the fall of Singapore on 15 February 1942 spent three and a half years as POWs, most being involved in the construction of the Burma - Thailand Railway. The 7th and 8th Battalions were formed in May 1940. In 1941 the 7th Battalion was converted to Tanks, becoming the 142nd Regiment Royal Armoured Corps, but still wearing the Suffolk cap badge. The second line and 'holding' battalions consisted of the 6th, 8th, 9th, 30th, 31st and 70th (Young Soldiers) Battalions. The 8th Battalion spent the war years in the UK supplying drafts to other units. The 31st Battalion served as line of communication troops in North Africa and Italy and on garrison duty in Gibraltar. Apart from these Army Battalions, 11 Home Guard Battalions were formed, together with two Motor Transport Companies for the local defence of the county. The regiment's Roll of Honour for the 1939-1945 War contains the names of 87 officers and 1,508 other ranks. After the war, the 2nd Battalion was disbanded and the 5th Battalion (T.A.) was not reformed. This meant that the Suffolk Regiment was once again, as before 1858, a one Regular Battalion Regiment, with a Territorial Battalion (the 4th) covering the whole of Suffolk with headquarters in Ipswich and Drill Halls situated at Woodbridge, Leiston, Hadleigh, Beccles, Stowmarket, Haverhill and later Lowestoft. In 1946 the Depot at Bury St Edmunds saw the first intakes of National Servicemen who served for 18 months with the Regular Battalion and then 3 years in the Territorial Army, mostly with the 4th Battalion (T.A.). Between 1946 and 1949 the 1st Battalion saw service in Egypt, Palestine and Greece before sailing for Malaya in July 1949 where it spent the next 3½ years involved in jungle warfare against Communist infiltration. During its service in Malaya the regiment gained a first-class reputation for jungle warfare and played a leading part in suppressing the communist threat. On returning to the United Kingdom the battalion stayed in Colchester for a short time before moving to Trieste in 1953 to take up internal security duties. In 1954 it moved to Wuppertal in Germany. Leaving Germany in 1956 for Cyprus, the battalion was involved in the EOKA campaign against General Grivas. In May 1959 it returned to England and on 29 August 1959 was amalgamated with the 1st Battalion The Royal Norfolk Regiment to form the 1st East Anglian Regiment. More details of the service of individual battalions can be found in the introductions to the various sections of the catalogue. |
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